European Convention on Human Rights is one of the most important conventions in the field of human rights and has a significant role in the development of international human rights law. From its entering into force in 1953, the Convention has faced with many challenges, such as increasing the parties to the Convention of European Council and the establishment of the European Union which requires amending and updating of the convention. Therefore, by now, many protocols have been attached to the convention. The most recent one is protocol no. 15 adopted in May 2013 that is currently in the process of ratification by contracting parties. In addition to some structural amendments, the protocol was added to the preamble of the conventions’ references to both the margin of appreciation and subsidiarity. In this article, the protocol no. 15 and its role in amending the European Human Rights Law are analyzed.
زمانی، سیدقاسم، امیرساعد وکیل و پوریا عسکری؛ نهادها و سازوکارهای منطقهای حمایت از حقوق بشر، شهر دانش، 1386.
ـ مقاله
ساداتاخوی، سیدعلی؛ «پروتکل شماره 14 و اصلاح نظام نظارتی کنوانسیون اروپایی حقوق بشر»، مجله دانشکده حقوقوعلومسیاسی دانشگاه تهران، شماره 70، زمستان 1384.
ب) انگلیسی
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Diego Rodríguez-Pinzón and Claudia Martin, “The Inter-American Human Rights System: Selected Examples of Its Supervisory Work”, in: Research Handbook on International Human Rights Law, Edited by Sarah Joseph, Edward Elgar, 2010.
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- Articles
Benvenisti, Eyal, “Margin of Appreciation, Consensus, and Universal Standards”, Journal of International Law and Politics, vol. 31, No. 4, 1999.
Eva Berms, “The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights”, (1996)Heidelberg Journal of International Law, 56, 1993.
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- Documents
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights: ECHR)
Protocol No. 15 Amending the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental.
Explanatory Report Protocol No. 15 Amending the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
Opinion of the Court on Draft Protocol No. 15 to the European Convention on Human Rights, 6 February 2013.
Joint NGO Statement: “Protocol No. 15 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights Must Not Result in Weakening of Human Rights Protection”, 24 June 2013.
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
Abdi, A., & Zamani, S. G. (2017). Protocol No. 15 and Amendment of the European Human Rights System. International Law Review, 34(56), 87-110. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2017.25166
MLA
Ayyoub Abdi; Seyed Ghasem Zamani. "Protocol No. 15 and Amendment of the European Human Rights System". International Law Review, 34, 56, 2017, 87-110. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2017.25166
HARVARD
Abdi, A., Zamani, S. G. (2017). 'Protocol No. 15 and Amendment of the European Human Rights System', International Law Review, 34(56), pp. 87-110. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2017.25166
VANCOUVER
Abdi, A., Zamani, S. G. Protocol No. 15 and Amendment of the European Human Rights System. International Law Review, 2017; 34(56): 87-110. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2017.25166