رسیدگی غیابی در رویه‌قضایی دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز

چکیده

یکی از موارد نقض قواعد آیین ‌دادرسی در دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری، «عدم‌ حضور یکی از طرفین در جریان رسیدگی» است که با توجه به اصل رضایی‌بودن صلاحیت، همواره احتمال آن وجود دارد. رسیدگی غیابی شیوه‌ای است که با اعمال آن طبق ماده 53 اساسنامه، دولت غایب نتواند با توسل به عدم ‌مشارکت خود به حقوق دولت حاضر خدشه وارد و از اجرای عدالت جلوگیری کند. در این مقاله بر اساس رویه‌قضایی نشان داده می‌شود که دیوان در صورت غیبت خوانده در کل یا بخشی از دعاوی ترافعی، با توجه به دلایل طرف حاضر و مستندات غیررسمی طرف غایب، در کمال بی‌طرفی رسیدگی را ادامه داده و تکالیف خود را در احراز صلاحیت و صدور حکم به نفع طرف حاضر در صورت اثبات ادعا از لحاظ موضوعی و حقوقی انجام می‌دهد. گرچه تداوم رسیدگی ممکن است حقوق دولت غایب را تضییع کند، این امر پیامدی است که آن را پذیرفته و ملزم به اجرای آن است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Default Proceedings in the Judicial Precedent of the International Court of Justice

نویسنده [English]

  • soudeh shamlou
Assistant professor of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
چکیده [English]

One case of violation of the rules of procedure before the ICJ is “non-appearance of one of the parties in the proceedings” that is always possible to occur in light of the principle of consent to jurisdiction. Default proceeding is the manner that through the application of article 53 of the Statute, the non-appearing party would not be able to prejudice the rights of the appearing party and preventing the proper administration of justice. In this article, in accordance with judicial precedents, it is shown that the Court continues the proceedings in whole or in part of contentious cases, with due regard to the evidence of the appearing party and informal documents of the non-appearing party in the event of non-appearance of respondent and impartially conducts its duties of determining jurisdiction and rendering judgment in favor of appearing party if the claim is established both as a matter of fact and law. Although the continuation of the proceedings may prejudice the right of non-appearing party, this is a consequence that has been accepted and therefore must be obliged.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ICJ
  • Default Proceedings
  • Jurisdiction
  • Interim Measures of Protection
  • Arguments of Fact and Law
  • Validity of Judgment
  • الف. فارسی

    • شمس، عبدالله؛ آیین دادرسی مدنی، جلد دوم، چاپ ششم، دراک، 1383.
    • میرعباسی، باقر و سید‌حسن سادات‌میدانی؛ دادرسی‌های بینالمللی: دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری در تئوری و عمل، جلد اول و سوم، چاپ پنجم، جنگل، 1393.

     

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