The Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) is one of the most significant documents ratified in the field of harmonization of substantive law. Accession to the CISG needs a precise study of its pros and cons. The convention decreases costs, improves legal certainty, modernizes domestic law and increases trade. Simplicity, certainty, fairness, success and uniform interpretation are among those reasons stuck to by the proponents of accession to the CISG. But opponents of the CISG call into question the harmonization coming from the convention and believe that it is a reconciliatory and unworkable document, and because of this, legal certainty is not secured by this Convention and contracting parties often enter a reservation to it in international transactions. However, the general assessment shows that the reasons given by the proponents are stronger and the Convention improves the legal system, decreases costs, boosts trade and economy and consequently brings about public welfare and with regard to these results, accession to the Convention is recommended.
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ب. انگلیسی
- Books
Honnold, John O., Uniform Law for International Sales under the 1980 United Nations Convention, 3rd Ed., Kluwer Law International, 1999.
Kruisinga, Sonja A., (Non‐)Conformity in the 1980 UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods: A Uniform Concept?, Intersentia, 2004.
Schlechtriem, Peter, Commentary on the UN Convention for the International Sale of Goods, Oxford, 1998.
Ziegel, Jacob S., Report to the Uniform Law Conference of Canada on Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 1981.
- Articles
Audit, Bernard, “The Vienna Sales Convention and the Lex Mercatoria”, in Lex Mercatoria and Arbitration, Thomas E. Carbonneau ed., rev. ed. [reprint of a chapter of the 1990 edition of this text], (Juris Publishing 1998).
Bailey, James E, “Facing the Truth: Seeing the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods as an Obstacle to a Uniform Law of International Sales”, Cornell International Law Journal, vol. 32, 1999.
Cook, Susanne, “The Need for Uniform Interpretation of the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, University of Pittsburg Law Review, vol. 50, 1988.
Cuniberti, Gilles, “Is the CISG Benefiting Anybody?”, Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, vol. 39. 2006.
D'Amato, Anthony, “Legal Uncertainty”, Northwestern University School of Law, Faculty Working Papers, 2010.
Del Duca, Louis F. & Del Duca, Patrick, “Practice under the Convention on International Sale of Goods (CISG): A Primer for Attorneys and International Traders Part I”, Uniform Commercial Code Law Journal, vol. 27, 1995.
Del Duca, Louis F. & Del Duca, Patrick, “Practice under the Convention on International Sale of Goods (CISG): A Primer for Attorneys and International Traders Part II”, Uniform Commercial Code Law Journal, vol. 29, 1999.
Eiselen, Sieg, “Adoption of the Vienna Convention for the International Sale of Goods (the CISG) in South Africa”, South African Law Journal, Part II, vol. 116, 1999.
Farnsworth, E. Allan, “The Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods from the Perspective of the Common Law Countries”, in Anonymous La Vendita Internazionale, Milan, 1981.
Ferrari, Franco, “General Principles and International Uniform Commercial Law Conventions: A Study of the 1980 Vienna Sales Convention and the 1988 UNIDROIT Conventions”, Pace International Law Review, vol. 10, 1998.
Fitzgerald, Peter L., “The International Contracting Practices Survey Project: An Empirical Study of the Value and Utility of the United Nation’s Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts to Practitioners, Jurists, and Legal Academics in the United States”, Journal of Law and Commerce, vol. 27, 2008.
Goode, Roy, “Harmonization, Unification and Internationalization” in Ross Cranston & Roy Goode (eds.) Commercial and Consumer Law-National and International Dimensions, Clarendon, 1993.
Goode, Roy, “Reflections on the Harmonization of Commercial Law”, Uniform Law Review, vol. os-19, Issue 1, 1991.
Gomez Pomar, Fernando, “The Harmonization of Contract Law through European Rules: A Law and Economics Perspective”, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, InDret, vol. 2, 2008.
Garro, Alejandro M., “Reconciliation of Legal Traditions in the U.N. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, International Lawyer, vol. 23, 1989.
Gyula, Eörsi, “A Propos the 1980 Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, American Journal of Comparative Law, vol. 31, 1983.
Honnold, John. O., “The Sales Convention in Action- Uniform International Words: Uniform Application?”, Journal of Law & Commerce, vol. 8, 1988.
Ingeborg, Schwenzer, Pascal, Hachem, “The CISG - Successes and Pitfalls”, American Journal of Comparative Law, vol. 57, 2009.
Kashiwagi, Noboru, “Accession by Japan to the Vienna Sales Convention (CISG)”, The University of Tokyo Journal of Law and Politics, vol. 4, 2007.
Kazuaki, Sono, “UNCITRAL and the Vienna Sales Convention”, International Lawyer, vol. 18, 1984.
Koehler, Martin F., “Survey Regarding the Relevance of the United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) in Legal Practice and the Exclusion of Its Application”, 2006, Available online at http://www.cisg.law.pace.edu/cisg/biblio/koehler.html#iii, accessed 3 January 2016.
Koehler, Martin F., Yujun, Guo, “The Acceptance of the Unified Sales Law (CISG) in Different Legal Systems”, Pace International Law Review, vol. 20, 2008.
Osajda, Konrad, “The Experiences, Methods, Objectives, and Perspectives of Unification of Private Law in the European Union”, 2008, Available online at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=897403.
Pistor, Katharina, “The Standardization of Law and Its Effect on Developing Economies”, American Journal of Comparative Law, vol. 50, 2002.
Rosett, Arthur, “Critical Reflections on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, Ohio State Law Journal, vol. 45, 1984.
Stephan, Paul B., “The Futility of Unification and Harmonization in International Commercial Law”, University of Virginia School of Law, Legal Studies Working Paper No. 99-10, 1999, Available Online at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=169209, Accessed 15 March 2016.
Sheaffer, Christopher, “The Failure of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and a Proposal for a New Uniform Global Code in International Sales Law”, Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law, vol. 15, 2007.
Spagnolo, Lisa, “Glimpse through the Kaleidoscope: Choices of Law and the CISG”, Vindobona Journal of International Commercial Law & Arbitration, vol. 1, 2009.
Widmer, Corrine, Hachem, Pascal, “Switzerland”, in Franco Ferrari (eds), The CISG and Its Impact on National Legal Systems, Sellier, 2008.
Wool, Jeffrey, “Rethinking the Notion of Uniformity in the Drafting of International Commercial Law: A Preliminary Proposal for the Development of a Policy-Based Unification Model”, Uniform Law Review, vol. 1, 1997.
Ziegel, Jacob S., “The Future of the International Sales Convention from a Common Law Perspective”, New Zealand Business Law Quarterly, vol. 6, 2000.
Ziegel, Jacob S., “The Remedial Provisions in the Vienna Sales Convention: Some Common Law Perspectives”, 1984, Available Online at http://www.cisg.law.pace.edu/cisg/biblio/ziegel6.html, Accessed 20 October 2016.
Zwart, Sara G., “The New International Law of Sales: A Marriage between Socialist, Third World, Common, and Civil Law Principles”, North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, vol. 13, 1988.
- Thesis
Ahadi, Mona, “The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods: Should Developing Nations Such as Iran Adopt the CISG?”, Durham Theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/16/.
MCC-Marble Ceramic Center, Inc. v. Ceramica Nuova D'Agostino S.p.A., Available online at: http://cisgw3.law.pace.edu/cases/ 980629u1.html, Accessed 10 February 2016.
Oberlandesgericht Hamburg 28 February 1997, Available online at: http://cisgw3.law.pace.edu/cases/970228g1.html#ca, Accessed 10 February 2016.
Court of Appeals (Oberlandesgericht) Celle, Germany, 24 July 2009 [13 W 48/09], Available online at: http://cisgw3.law.pace.edu/cases/ 090724g1.html#cx, Accessed 10 February 2016.
RJ & AM Smallmon v. Transport Sales Limited and Grant Alan Miller, [2011] Court of Appeal of New Zealand, http://www.unilex.info/ case.cfm?pid=1&do=case&id=1617&step=Abstract.
Hajiazizi,B. and Bayat,B. (2018). The Necessity of Accession to the Convention on the International Sale of Goods. International Law Review, 35(Issue 58 (Spring and Summer 2018)), 299-328. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2018.31691
MLA
Hajiazizi,B. , and Bayat,B. . "The Necessity of Accession to the Convention on the International Sale of Goods", International Law Review, 35, Issue 58 (Spring and Summer 2018), 2018, 299-328. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2018.31691
HARVARD
Hajiazizi B., Bayat B. (2018). 'The Necessity of Accession to the Convention on the International Sale of Goods', International Law Review, 35(Issue 58 (Spring and Summer 2018)), pp. 299-328. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2018.31691
CHICAGO
B. Hajiazizi and B. Bayat, "The Necessity of Accession to the Convention on the International Sale of Goods," International Law Review, 35 Issue 58 (Spring and Summer 2018) (2018): 299-328, doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2018.31691
VANCOUVER
Hajiazizi B., Bayat B. The Necessity of Accession to the Convention on the International Sale of Goods. International Law Review, 2018; 35(Issue 58 (Spring and Summer 2018)): 299-328. doi: 10.22066/cilamag.2018.31691