A Survey on Adversarial and Inquisitorial Models in International Commercial Arbitration

Authors

Abstract

In the absence of any provision by the parties regarding the active or passive role of the arbitrators in international commercial arbitration (which is often the case), the arbitral tribunal enjoys absolute discretion to how to organize the arbitration procedure including the selection between the adversarial or inquisitorial approaches. The crucial point is that the foregoing discretion is not tantamount to the arbitrary application of adversarial or inquisitorial methods in dispute settlement procedures. Despite what may be perceived at first glance from the abovementioned point concerning the absolute discretionary power of arbitrators in procedural matters, the nature and the characteristics of commercial arbitration is mostly consonant with the adversarial practice and the application of inquisitorial method in commercial arbitration should be considered as an exception. When it comes to the details and subtleties of the arbitration procedure, most of the arbitral tribunals are inclined to apply a mixed of adversarial and inquisitorial techniques.

Keywords