حقوق بین الملل فضا و استفاده نظامی از منابع معدنی اجرام آسمانی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد حقوق عمومی، دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

2 استادیار، گروه حقوق هوافضا، پژوهشگاه هوافضا وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری

چکیده

با ورود بشریت به فضای ماوراء جو گستره جدیدی از فرصت‌ها برابر دیدگان انسان‌ها گشوده شده است. در سالیان اخیر، معدن کاوی فضایی به عنوان فعالیت فضایی راهبردی در کانون توجه بازیگران فضایی قرار گرفته است. به علت کیفیت بالای مواد معدنی در فضا، امکان استفاده از منابع معدنی اجرام آسمانی در صنایع مختلف، از جمله صنایع و تسلیحات نظامی وجود دارد. باتوجه‌به این واقعیت، درک موضع حقوق بین‌الملل فضا نسبت به کاربرد منابع معدنی فضا در ساخت و تولید تسلیحات نظامی امری ضروری خواهد بود. مقاله حاضر در گام نخست با بررسی اصول اساسی مندرج در معاهده فضای ماورای جو به اهمیت ممنوعیت و یا حداقل تحدید معدن‌کاوی فضایی برای فعالیت‌های نظامی و ساخت تسلیحات نظامی به دلیل در خطر قرارگرفتن صلح و امنیت بین‌المللی دست‌یافته است. در گام بعدی و فراتر از نظام معاهداتی حقوق فضا، کاربرد منابع معدنی اجرام آسمانی در آینه اهداف سند توسعه پایدار فعالیت‌های فضایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. هدف تحقیق حاضر این است که با شفاف‌سازی ابعاد حقوقی بهره‌برداری نظامی از منابع معدنی اجرام آسمانی گامی مهم به‌سوی حفظ و تثبیت صلح و امنیت بین‌المللی در فضای ماوراء جو برداشته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Military Use of Mineral Resources of Celestial Bodies under International Space Law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mehrabi 1
  • hamid kazemi 2
1 MA. in Public Law, Imam Sadiq University,
2 Assistant professor, Aerospace Research Institute (ARI), MSRT
چکیده [English]

Space mining is one of the new space activities. Since the minerals in the Moon and other celestial bodies have high quality, it is foreseeable that they could be exploited and used in industries, including military and weaponry. Due to this fact, it is essential to understand the position of international law on the use of space minerals in the production of military equipments and weapons. In the first step, the present article highlights the necessity of ending or at least restricting space mining and the production of weapons in order to protect international peace and security by analyzing the basic principles contained in the Outer Space Treaty. In the next step and beyond conventional system of space law, the use of mineral resources of celestial bodies has been evaluated in the context of the documents on sustainable development of space activities. The aim of the present study is to take an important step towards maintaining and establishing international peace and security in outer space by clarifying the legal aspects of the military exploitation of the mineral resources of celestial bodies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Space mining
  • militarization
  • mineral sources
  • peaceful
  • sustainable development of outer space activities

مراجع

  1. الف. فارسی

    ـ کتاب

    1. رضی‌پور، فریبا؛ حقوق بین‌الملل و بهره‌برداری نظامی از فضای ماورای جو، خرسندی، 1393.
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    ـ مقاله

    1. محمودی، سیدهادی؛ روح‌اله رهامی و حمید حیدری؛ «رویکرد چارچوب کنونی حقوق فضا به فعالیت‌های فضایی تجاری: تجویزی یا تحدیدی»، علوم و فناوری فضایی، دورة 13، شمارة 1، بهار 1399.
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    - Theses

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    - International Instruments

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 دی 1400
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