معیار معقول‌بودن در اساسنامه دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی و تبیین آن از سوی شعب مقدماتی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه قم

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری دانشگاه قم

چکیده

در اساسنامه دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی، معیارهایی مقرر شده که بررسی هر وضعیت اتهامی، مستلزم احراز آن‌هاست. این معیارها، هم برای دادستان و هم برای شعب مقدماتی محدودیت‌هایی ایجاد می‌کند تا آرمان تأسیس دیوان که رسیدگی به شدیدترین جنایات بین‌المللی است، برآورده شود. این معیارها بر مدار معقولیت بنیان نهاده شده است؛ به این معنا که باید مبنا یا قرائن معقولی باشد تا بتوان مظنونی را به دادستانی معرفی یا به شعب مقدماتی احضار کرد. انتظار به‌جا و صحیح از معقولیت رویه دیوان، مستلزم روشن‌بودن مفهوم این معیارها و وضوح معیار معقول‌بودن است. موضوع این پژوهش تفسیری ـ تحلیلی، بررسی این معیارها از نظر مفهوم معقول‌بودن، از ابتدای شروع بررسی مقدماتی تا تأیید اتهام شخص مظنون نزد شعب مقدماتی است. نتیجه اینکه مضامین حقوقی مندرج در اساسنامه که واضح نباشد، موجب بروز تفاسیر مختلف و احیاناً منتهی به صدور آرای متهافت می‌شود و مقبولیت دیوان را با چالش مواجه می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reasonableness in the Statute of the ICC and Its Explanation by Pre-Trial Chambers

نویسندگان [English]

  • aboolfath khaleghi 1
  • zahra saedi 2
1 associate professor law faculty/ university of Qom/ Qom Iran
2 student of PHD of criminal law university of qom
چکیده [English]

In the Statute of ICC, several criteria have been stipulated that the process of examination of any case requires their verification. These criteria establish limitations on the prosecutor and pre-trial chambers in order to fulfill ideals and purposes of establishment of ICC that is addressing the most serious international crimes. These criteria have been established based on reasonableness; there should exist a reasonable basis or ground so that suspected person be introduced before the prosecutor or be summoned to the pre-trial chamber. A legitimate expectation of ICC procedure reasonableness requires clarification of the challenging concept of the reasonableness. The objective of this study is to investigate these criteria in view of the concept of reasonableness, from initiation of the preliminary examination to confirmation of charges of the suspected person before the pre-trial chamber. This article concluded that if legal concepts contained in the Statute of the ICC are not clear, it probably leads to different interpretations and the issuance of contradictory verdicts which in turn challenges the credibility of ICC.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • International Criminal Courts
  • Reasonableness
  • Preliminary Examination
  • Warrant of Arrest
  • Confirmation of Charges
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