حفاظت از محیط‌زیست در چارچوب کمیسیون همکاری نفتا

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 کارشناسی ارشد حقوق محیط‌زیست دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

از آنجا که آزادسازی تجارت و فعالیت‌های تجاری در بستر محیط‌زیست صورت می‌گیرد، می‌تواند به‌طور مستقیم بر آن اثرگذار باشد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی جایگاه و اهمیت محیط‌زیست در تجارت آزاد امریکای شمالی، نحوه شکل‌گیری و عملکرد کمیسیون همکاری در افزایش همکاری‌های زیست‌محیطی و رسیدگی به شکایات زیست‌محیطی است. یکی دیگر از محورهای این پژوهش، تحولات و مذاکرات اخیر نفتا و شکل‌گیری موافقت‌نامه تجاری 2018 امریکا، کانادا و مکزیک است که در نهایت به مقایسه آن با توافق جامع تجاری اقتصادی کانادا و اتحادیه اروپا و تدابیر زیست‌محیطی آن پرداخته شده است.  بررسی‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد کمیسیون همکاری توانسته در شفاف‌سازی که مستلزم مدیریت زیست‌محیطی است و همچنین در اجرای برنامه‌هایی که لازمه آن‌ها همکاری سه‌جانبه کشورهای عضو است موفق عمل کند و بدین ترتیب، الگوی مناسبی برای نهادهای مشابه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Protection under the Commission for Environmental Cooperation of NAFTA

نویسندگان [English]

  • MohamadHossein Ramazani 1
  • mohadese kousha 2
1 Associate Professor in International Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
2 Corresponding Author, Master of International Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,
چکیده [English]

Trade liberalization and trade activities may have direct impacts on environment. The aim of this research is to study the importance of environment in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the function of Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in addressing environmental complaints. Another axis of this research is NAFTA renegotiations and American trade agreement which is called USMCA in 2018 and compare it with the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) which is a trade agreement between Canada and Europe. The research using an analytical-descriptive method concludes that according to the commission actions, the commission has been successful in showing transparency and also in the implementation of plans of the member States and as a result can be a good model for the same organizations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environment
  • Trade
  • Natural Persons
  • Non-governmental Organizations
  • Commission for Environmental Cooperation
  • Trade Agreements
  • - Articles

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